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Edgar Rice Burroughs is a Scriptwriter and Producer American born on 2 september 1875 at Chicago (USA)

Edgar Rice Burroughs

Edgar Rice Burroughs
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Nationality USA
Birth 2 september 1875 at Chicago (USA)
Death 19 march 1950 (at 74 years) at California (USA)

Edgar Rice Burroughs, né à Chicago le 1er septembre 1875 et mort à Los Angeles le 19 mars 1950 (à 74 ans), est un romancier américain, créateur de Tarzan, l'homme-singe, l'un des personnages de fiction les plus connus au monde et de John Carter, l'un des premiers héros de science fiction. Il est également l'auteur de plusieurs séries de science-fiction et de romans policiers.

Biography

Burroughs était le quatrième fils du Major George Tyler Burroughs (1833–1913), homme d'affaires et vétéran de la Guerre de Sécession, et de Mary Evaline (Zieger) Burroughs (1840–1920).
Burroughs a suivi ses études dans plusieurs écoles, et durant l'épidémie de grippe de Chicago en 1891, il passa 6 mois dans le ranch de son frère sur la Raft River en Idaho.

Il suit ensuite les cours de la Phillips Academy à Andover, Massachusetts, puis il est diplômé de l'Académie Militaire du Michigan en 1895. Il tentera sans succès d'entrer à l'Académie militaire de West Point et s'enrôlera comme simple soldat dans le 7e régiment de cavalerie (États-Unis) à Fort Grant, Arizona. Il sera réformé en 1897 à la suite du diagnostic d'un problème cardiaque.

Après une période d'errance et de petits boulots, Burroughs travailla dans l'entreprise familiale à partir de 1899. Il épousa son amour de jeunesse Emma Hulbert en janvier 1900. En 1904 il quitte son poste et cherche du travail en Idaho, il ne tardera pas à revenir à Chicago.

En 1911, après sept années de bas salaires, il commença à écrire une histoire, il travaillait alors comme marchand de taille-crayons. À cette époque Burroughs et Emma ont deux enfants, Joan (1908–1972), qui épousera plus tard James Pierce l'acteur incarnant Tarzan au cinéma, et Hulbert (1909–1991). Pendant cette période il bénéficia de grande plage de temps libre, ce qui lui permit de lire nombre de Pulp (magazine). En 1929 il se rappellera cette période en ces termes :


« ...si des gens sont payés pour écrire des inepties comme celle que je peux lire dans certains de ces magazines, je peux écrire des histoires aussi pourries. Dans les faits, je n'avais jamais écrit d'histoires, mais je savais que je pouvais en écrire d'aussi palpitantes et probablement bien plus que toutes celles qui m'étaient données de lire dans ces magazines. »

Ciblant son travail pour ces magazines pulps, Burroughs publie sa première histoire, sous le pseudonyme de Normal Bean, intitulée Les conquérants de Mars, en épisodes dans Argosy en 1912.

Rapidement il se met à écrire à plein temps, et avant même que Les conquérants de Mars aient été entièrement publiés, deux nouvelles histoires sont achevées dont Tarzan seigneur de la jungle, qui fut publié à partir d'octobre 1912 et deviendra son plus grand succès. En 1913 le couple eut son 3e et dernier enfant John Coleman Burroughs (1913–1979).

Burroughs écrivit également des récits de science-fiction et de fantasy, entraînant des aventuriers terriens vers diverses planètes, Barsoom (Mars), Amtor (Vénus), îles perdues, à l’intérieur de la Terre creuse dans le cas du Cycle de Pellucidar, ainsi que dans des westerns et des romans historiques.

Tarzan a eu un grand impact culturel à sa sortie. Burroughs était déterminé à capitaliser sur sa popularité de toutes les manières possibles, il prévit d'exploiter Tarzan sous forme de comics (bande-dessinée), films et produits dérivés. Des experts tentèrent de l'en dissuader, arguant que les différents médias entreraient en concurrence s'ils étaient utilisés en même temps. Mais Burroughs ne les écouta pas et prouva qu'il avait raison : le public voulait Tarzan sous n'importe quelle forme. Tarzan est toujours un des personnages les plus populaires.

En 1915 ou 1919, Burroughs acheta un grand ranch au nord de Los Angeles, Californie, qu'il nomma « Tarzana ». Les habitants de la communauté qui apparut autour du ranch, votèrent pour adopter ce nom pour leur ville. Tarzana, Californie fut formée en 1927 ou 1928.

De même le lieu-dit Tarzan, Texas, dut officialiser en 1927 quand la poste accepta le nom, venant apparemment de la popularité du premier film, Tarzan chez les singes (muet), avec Elmo Lincoln.

En 1923, Burroughs créa sa propre compagnie, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc. , et commença à faire imprimer ses propres livres dans les années 1930.

En 1934, il divorça d'Emma et épousa l'ancienne actrice Florence Gilbert Dearholt (1904-1991) en 1935, l'ex femme de son ami Ashton Dearholt . Il adopta également les deux enfants des Dearholt. Le couple divorça en 1942.

Au moment de l'attaque sur Pearl Harbor, Burroughs habitait à Hawaï et malgré sa soixantaine avancée, il demanda à devenir correspondant de guerre. La permission accordée, il devint l'un des plus âgés des correspondants de guerre américains. Une fois la guerre terminée, il déménagea à Encino, Californie, où, après de nombreux problèmes de santé, il décéda d'une crise cardiaque le 19 mars 1950, laissant presque 70 romans.

Le Cratère Burroughs sur Mars a été nommé en son honneur.

Best films

Tarzan (1999)
(Novel)
The Legend of Tarzan (2016)
(Novel)
John Carter (2012)
(Novel)
Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes (1984)
(Novel)
Tarzan the Ape Man (1981)
(Characters)
Tarzan's Secret Treasure (1941)
(Characters)

Usually with

Source : Wikidata

Filmography of Edgar Rice Burroughs (59 films)

Display filmography as list

Scriptwriter

The Legend of Tarzan, 1h50
Directed by David Yates
Origin USA
Genres Drama, Fantasy, Action, Adventure, Romance
Themes Films set in Africa, Films about animals, Films about children, Le thème de l'enfant sauvage, Films about apes, L'enfance marginalisée, Tarzan films, Mise en scène d'un mammifère
Actors Alexander Skarsgård, Margot Robbie, Christoph Waltz, Samuel L. Jackson, Djimon Hounsou, John Hurt
Roles Novel
Rating61% 3.0953153.0953153.0953153.0953153.095315
It has been years since the man once known as Tarzan (Alexander Skarsgård) left the jungles of Africa behind for a gentrified life in London as John Clayton III, Lord Greystoke, with his beloved wife, Jane Porter (Margot Robbie) at his side. Now, he has been invited back to the Congo to serve as a trade emissary of Parliament, unaware that he is a pawn in a deadly convergence of greed and revenge, masterminded by the Belgian Captain Rom (Christoph Waltz).
Tarzan
Tarzan (2013)
, 1h34
Origin German
Genres Drama, Thriller, Action, Adventure, Animation, Romance
Themes Films set in Africa, Films about animals, Films about children, Le thème de l'enfant sauvage, Films about apes, L'enfance marginalisée, Tarzan films, Mise en scène d'un mammifère
Actors Kellan Lutz, Spencer Locke, Jaime Ray Newman, Robert Capron, Brian Bloom, Mark Deklin
Roles Novel
Rating48% 2.4195552.4195552.4195552.4195552.419555
70,000,000 years ago, a mountain-sized meteor, bristling with unknown energies, crashed into the Earth in what is now the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, with a major chunk of the object landing in Central Africa. The impact and resulting ecological catastrophe causing the extinction of the dinosaurs.
John Carter, 2h13
Directed by Andrew Stanton
Origin USA
Genres Science fiction, Fantastic, Fantasy, Swashbuckler, Action, Adventure
Themes Space adventure films, Films about magic and magicians, Mars in film, Films based on science fiction novels, Films about extraterrestrial life, Martiens, Space opera, Children's films, Films about extraterrestrial life
Actors Taylor Kitsch, Viola Lynn Collins, Samantha Morton, Mark Strong, Thomas Haden Church, Ciarán Hinds
Roles Novel
Rating65% 3.297333.297333.297333.297333.29733
After the sudden death of John Carter (Taylor Kitsch), a former American Civil War Confederate Army captain, Carter's nephew, Edgar Rice Burroughs (Daryl Sabara), attends the funeral. Per Carter's instructions, the body is put in a tomb that can be unlocked only from the inside. His attorney hands Burroughs Carter's journal, which Burroughs reads in the hope of finding clues to Carter's cause of death.
The Land That Time Forgot, 1h30
Directed by C. Thomas Howell
Origin USA
Genres Drama, Science fiction, Fantasy, Action, Adventure
Themes Films about animals, Dinosaur films, Seafaring films, La préhistoire, Transport films, Films based on science fiction novels
Actors C. Thomas Howell, Timothy Bottoms, Stephen Blackehart, Lindsey McKeon, Darren Dalton, Christopher Showerman
Roles Novel
Rating32% 1.617581.617581.617581.617581.61758
The film takes place in the present, when two newlywed couples are enjoying a charter boat cruise through the Caribbean. Passing through a bizarre storm, they emerge off the shore of the mysterious island of Caprona.
Princess of Mars, 1h30
Origin USA
Genres Science fiction, War, Fantasy, Action
Themes Space adventure films, Films about terrorism, Mars in film, Films based on science fiction novels, Films about extraterrestrial life, Political films, Space opera, Films about extraterrestrial life
Actors Antonio Sabàto, Jr., Traci Lords, Antonio Sabàto, Chacko Vadaketh, Jay Beyers
Roles Novel
Rating31% 1.575111.575111.575111.575111.57511
John Carter (Antonio Sabato, Jr.) is a modern-day U.S. Army sniper serving in Afghanistan, wounded in the line of duty and used in a teleportation experiment wherein he is transferred to Barsoom, here depicted outside our solar system. On this world, Carter exhibits the ability to leap amazing distances. Initially enslaved and held against his will on a chain and collar by the Tharks, he earns a rank among them and later saves a rival group's princess, the human-looking Dejah Thoris (Traci Lords), from death.
Tarzan II
Tarzan II (2005)
, 1h14
Origin USA
Genres Fantasy, Adventure, Animation
Themes Films set in Africa, Films about animals, Films about children, Le thème de l'enfant sauvage, Films about apes, L'enfance marginalisée, Musical films, Tarzan films, Children's films, Mise en scène d'un mammifère
Actors Harrison Chad, Glenn Close, Alfre Woodard, Lance Henriksen, Hamilton Camp, George Carlin
Roles Novel
Rating56% 2.822322.822322.822322.822322.82232
As a young human orphan being raised by gorillas in an African jungle, Tarzan (Harrison Chad) is worried that a fabled monster known as the Zugor (George Carlin) will someday attempt to capture him. He is disappointed that he can't run as quickly as the other young apes in his family, and his attempts to prove himself keep resulting in chaos. When an accident leaves his ape mother, Kala (Glenn Close), thinking that Tarzan has died, the other apes feel that Tarzan has reached a fitting end. Tarzan believes it best for everyone involved if he runs away.
Tarzan & Jane, 1h10
Directed by Victor Cook
Origin USA
Genres Comedy, Fantasy, Adventure, Animation
Themes Films set in Africa, Films about animals, Films about children, Le thème de l'enfant sauvage, Films about apes, L'enfance marginalisée, Musical films, Tarzan films, Children's films, Mise en scène d'un mammifère
Actors Michael T. Weiss, Olivia D'Abo, Jeff Bennett, Jim Cummings, Grey DeLisle, John O'Hurley
Roles Original Story
Rating53% 2.682232.682232.682232.682232.68223
The film makes use of a frame tale to present three self-contained "episodes" via flashback. Jane and Tarzan's first wedding anniversary has arrived, and Jane is trying to find a suitable present for her husband, with the help of the elephant Tantor, and the gorilla Terk.
Tarzan
Tarzan (1999)
, 1h28
Directed by Chris Buck, Kevin Lima
Origin USA
Genres Drama, Comedy-drama, Adventure, Musical, Animation
Themes Films set in Africa, Films about animals, Films about children, Le thème de l'enfant sauvage, Film d'animation mettant en scène un animal, Mise en scène d'un éléphant, Films about apes, L'enfance marginalisée, Musical films, Tarzan films, Children's films, Mise en scène d'un mammifère
Actors Tony Goldwyn, Minnie Driver, Rosie O'Donnell, Glenn Close, Brian Blessed, Lance Henriksen
Roles Novel
Rating73% 3.6512953.6512953.6512953.6512953.651295
In the 1880s, an English couple and their infant son escape a burning ship, ending up on land near uncharted rainforests off the coast of Africa. The couple craft themselves a treehouse from their ship's wreckage, but are subsequently killed by Sabor, a rogue leopardess. Kala, a female gorilla who recently lost her own child to Sabor, hears the cries of the orphaned human infant and finds him in the ruined treehouse. Though she is attacked by Sabor, Kala and the baby manage to escape. Kala takes the baby back to the gorilla troop to raise as her own, an act of which her mate, Kerchak, disapproves. Kala raises the human child, naming him Tarzan. Though he befriends other gorillas in the troop and other animals, including the young female gorilla Terk and the paranoid male elephant Tantor, Tarzan finds himself unable to keep up with them, so he takes great efforts to improve himself. As a young man, Tarzan is able to kill Sabor with his crude spear and protect the troop, gaining Kerchak's reluctant respect.
Tarzan and the Lost City, 1h44
Directed by Carl Schenkel
Origin USA
Genres Fantasy, Action, Adventure
Themes Films set in Africa, Films about animals, Films about children, Le thème de l'enfant sauvage, Films about apes, L'enfance marginalisée, Tarzan films, Mise en scène d'un mammifère
Actors Casper Van Dien, Jane March, Steven Waddington, Winston Ntshona, Rapulana Seiphemo, Paulo Tocha
Roles Original Story
Rating40% 2.0090252.0090252.0090252.0090252.009025
À la veille de son mariage avec Jane, Tarzan, doit retourner en Afrique pour lutter contre des mercenaires qui cherchent à violer le secret d'une civilisation perdue.
Tarzan of the Apes, 48minutes
Genres Adventure, Animation
Themes Films set in Africa, Films about children, Tarzan films, Children's films
Roles Novel
Rating54% 2.715712.715712.715712.715712.71571
John and Alice Clayton (Lord and Lady Greystoke) are marooned on the coast of Africa, where their son, John Clayton, Jr., is born. The baby is orphaned when both parents die of a mysterious disease, but is adopted by Kala and Kerchak, members of the tribe of Brown Apes.
Tarzan in Manhattan, 1h34
Directed by Michael Schultz
Origin USA
Genres Action, Adventure
Themes Films about animals, Films about children, Le thème de l'enfant sauvage, Films about apes, Superhero films, L'enfance marginalisée, Tarzan films, Mise en scène d'un mammifère
Actors Joe Lara, Jan-Michael Vincent, Tony Curtis, Joe Seneca, Oliver Muirhead
Roles Characters
Rating42% 2.1272552.1272552.1272552.1272552.127255
Tarzan part pour New York afin de sauver la vie de son chimpanzé Cheetah enlevé par un trafiquant d'animaux sauvages. Dans ce nouvel environnement, il sera aidé de Jane Porter, chauffeur de taxi d'archimedes Porter, son père ancien policier de la ville devenu détective privé.
Tarzan in Manhattan, 1h34
Directed by Michael Schultz
Genres Action, Adventure
Themes Films set in Africa, Films about children, Tarzan films
Actors Joe Lara, Tony Curtis, Jan-Michael Vincent, Joe Seneca, Oliver Muirhead
Roles Characters
Rating42% 2.1272552.1272552.1272552.1272552.127255
Tarzan leaves Africa and goes to present-day New York City to seek vengeance for the murder of his Ape mother Kala, and to rescue Cheeta who was taken by hunters working for B. B. Brightmore (Jan-Michael Vincent) and his Brightmore Foundation. Soon Tarzan discovers this supposed philanthropic organization is conducting illegal tests on animal brains in an effort to transfer the thoughts and knowledge of one creature to another, and he sets out to rescue the animals and expose Brightmore. He is aided by Jane Porter (a cab driver, played by Kim Crosby) and her father, Archimedes "Archie" Porter (Tony Curtis), a retired police officer, now the head of his own security agency.
Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes, 2h10
Directed by Hugh Hudson
Origin United-kingdom
Genres Drama, Fantasy, Action, Adventure, Romance
Themes Films set in Africa, Films about animals, Films about children, Le thème de l'enfant sauvage, Films about apes, L'enfance marginalisée, Tarzan films, Mise en scène d'un mammifère
Actors Christophe Lambert, Andie MacDowell, Cheryl Campbell, Ian Holm, Ralph Richardson, Nigel Davenport
Roles Novel
Rating63% 3.1988653.1988653.1988653.1988653.198865
John, Lord Clayton (Paul Geoffrey), the heir to The 6th Earl of Greystoke, and his wife Alice (Cheryl Campbell) set sail and are quickly shipwrecked on the African coast. After John (or 'Jack') builds a home in the trees, Alice gives birth to a son. Soon after, Alice grows delirious and dies. When Lord Clayton finds her recently dead, the tree house is visited by curious gorillas, and John is killed by one of the apes. The female of the group, Kala, carries her dead infant, but upon hearing the cries of the infant human in his crib, she adopts the boy and raises him among the family of Mangani. The little human child thus grows up naked, wild, and free.
Tarzan the Ape Man, 1h47
Directed by John Derek
Origin USA
Genres Erotic, Comedy, Action, Adventure
Themes Films set in Africa, Films about animals, Films about children, Le thème de l'enfant sauvage, Films about sexuality, Erotic films, Sexploitation films, Films about apes, L'enfance marginalisée, Tarzan films, Mise en scène d'un mammifère
Actors Bo Derek, Miles O'Keeffe, Richard Harris, John Phillip Law, Wilfrid Hyde-White, Laurie Main
Roles Characters
Rating34% 1.708591.708591.708591.708591.70859
James Parker is a hunter in Africa, searching for a mythical "white ape". He is joined by his estranged daughter, Jane, after her mother's death. They discover the "white ape" is actually Tarzan, an uncivilized white man raised by apes living in the jungle. James continues to pursue Tarzan with the purpose of capturing him, dead or alive, and bringing him back to England.
The People That Time Forgot, 1h30
Directed by Kevin Connor
Origin United-kingdom
Genres Drama, Science fiction, Fantasy, Adventure
Themes Films about animals, Dinosaur films, La préhistoire, Films based on science fiction novels, Animaux préhistoriques
Actors Patrick Wayne, Doug McClure, Sarah Douglas, Dana Gillespie, Thorley Walters, Shane Rimmer
Roles Novel
Rating54% 2.701782.701782.701782.701782.70178
Major Ben McBride (Patrick Wayne) organises a mission to the Antarctic wastes to search for his friend Bowen Tyler (Doug McClure) who has been missing in the region for several years. A British naval survey ship takes them to Caprona. McBride's party: the paleontologist Norfolk (Thorley Walters), gunner and mechanic Hogan (Shane Rimmer) and photographer Lady Charlotte 'Charlie' Cunningham (Sarah Douglas) fly over the mountain wall of Caprona in an amphibious aircraft, but are attacked by a pterodactyl and forced down. They find themselves in a world populated by primitive warriors and terrifying prehistoric creatures, all of whom they must evade in order to get back safely to their ship. They meet a cave-girl, Ajor (Dana Gillespie), who can speak English (she was taught by Tyler); she leads them to the land of a race of samurai-like warriors called the Nargas, who are keeping Tyler prisoner. When the volcano that the Nargas worship erupts, they must escape the cataclysm engulfing the land. Tyler sacrifices himself to cover their retreat.