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John Wayne is a Actor, Director, Scriptwriter, Producer and Property Master American born on 26 may 1907 at Winterset (USA)

John Wayne

John Wayne
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Birth name Marion Robert Morrison
Nationality USA
Birth 26 may 1907 at Winterset (USA)
Death 11 june 1979 (at 72 years) at Los Angeles (USA)
Creator of Batjac Productions
Awards Academy Award for Best Actor, Presidential Medal of Freedom

Marion Mitchell Morrison (born Marion Robert Morrison; May 26, 1907 – June 11, 1979), known by his stage name John Wayne, was an American film actor, director, and producer. An Academy Award-winner for True Grit (1969), Wayne was among the top box office draws for three decades. An enduring American icon, for several generations of Americans he epitomized rugged masculinity and is famous for his demeanor, including his distinctive calm voice, walk, and height.
Originally from Iowa, Wayne grew up in Southern California. He found work at local film studios when he lost his football scholarship to USC as a result of a bodysurfing accident. Initially working for the Fox Film Corporation, he mostly appeared in small bit parts. His first leading role came in Raoul Walsh's lavish widescreen epic The Big Trail (1930), which led to leading roles in numerous B movies throughout the 1930s, many of them in the western genre.

Wayne's career took off in 1939, with John Ford's Stagecoach making him an instant mainstream star. Wayne would go on to star in 142 pictures. Biographer Ronald Davis says: "John Wayne personified for millions the nation's frontier heritage. Eighty-three of his movies were Westerns, and in them he played cowboys, cavalrymen, and unconquerable loners extracted from the Republic's central creation myth."

In addition to True Grit and Stagecoach, among his best-known westerns are Red River (1948), as a cattleman driving his herd north on the Chisholm Trail, The Searchers (1956), playing a Civil War veteran whose young niece is abducted by a tribe of Comanches, and The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance (1962), as a troubled rancher competing with an Eastern lawyer for a woman's hand in marriage. Wayne is also remembered for his roles in The Quiet Man (1952), Rio Bravo (1959), and The Longest Day (1962). In his final screen performance, he starred as an aging gunfighter battling cancer in The Shootist (1976). He appeared with many important Hollywood stars of his era, including Maureen O'Hara, James Stewart, Dean Martin, and Natalie Wood.

Biography

Wayne was married three times and divorced twice. He was fluent in Spanish and his three wives, each of Hispanic descent, were Josephine Alicia Saenz, Esperanza Baur, and Pilar Pallete. He had four children with Josephine: Michael Wayne (November 23, 1934 – April 2, 2003), Mary Antonia "Toni" Wayne LaCava (February 25, 1936 – December 6, 2000), Patrick Wayne (born July 15, 1939), and Melinda Wayne Munoz (born December 3, 1940). He had three more children with Pilar: Aissa Wayne (born March 31, 1956), John Ethan Wayne (born February 22, 1962), and Marisa Wayne (born February 22, 1966).



Several of Wayne's children entered the film and television industry; Wayne's son Ethan was billed as John Ethan Wayne in a few films, and played one of the leads in the 1990s update of the Adam-12 television series.

His stormiest divorce was from Esperanza Baur, a former Mexican actress. She convinced herself that Wayne and co-star Gail Russell were having an affair, a claim which both Wayne and Russell denied. The night the film Angel and the Badman (1947) wrapped, there was the usual party for cast and crew, and Wayne came home very late. Esperanza was in a drunken rage by the time he arrived, and she attempted to shoot him as he walked through the front door.

Wayne had several high-profile affairs, including one with Marlene Dietrich that lasted for three years and one with Merle Oberon that lasted from 1938 to 1947. After his separation from his wife, Pilar, in 1973, Wayne became romantically involved and lived with his former secretary Pat Stacy (1941–1995) until his death in 1979. She published a biography of her life with him in 1983, titled Duke: A Love Story.

Wayne's hair began thinning in the 1940s, and he started wearing a hairpiece by the end of that decade. He was occasionally seen in public without the hairpiece (notably, according to Life magazine, at Gary Cooper's funeral). During a widely noted appearance at Harvard University, Wayne was asked by a student "Where did you get that phony hair?" He responded: "It's not phony. It's real hair. Of course, it's not mine, but it's real."

A close friend of Wayne's, California Congressman Alphonzo Bell, wrote of him, "Duke's personality and sense of humor were very close to what the general public saw on the big screen. It is perhaps best shown in these words he had engraved on a plaque: 'Each of us is a mixture of some good and some not so good qualities. In considering one's fellow man it's important to remember the good things ... We should refrain from making judgments just because a fella happens to be a dirty, rotten SOB.'"

Wayne biographer Michael Munn chronicled Wayne's drinking habits. According to Sam O'Steen's memoir, Cut to the Chase, studio directors knew to shoot Wayne's scenes before noon, because by afternoon he "was a mean drunk". He had been a chain-smoker of cigarettes since young adulthood and was diagnosed with lung cancer in 1964. He underwent successful surgery to remove his entire left lung and four ribs. Despite efforts by his business associates to prevent him from going public with his illness for fear that it would cost him work, Wayne announced he had cancer and called on the public to get preventive examinations. Five years later, Wayne was declared cancer-free. Wayne has been credited with coining the term The Big C as a euphemism for cancer.

Wayne's height has been perennially described as at least 6 ft 4 in (193 cm). He was a Freemason, a Master Mason in Marion McDaniel Lodge No. 56 F&AM, in Tucson, Arizona. He became a 32nd Degree Scottish Rite Mason and later joined the Al Malaikah Shrine Temple in Los Angeles. He became a member of the York Rite. During the early 1960s, John Wayne traveled extensively to Panama, during which he purchased the island of Taborcillo off the main coast. It was sold by his estate at his death and changed hands many times before being opened as a tourist attraction.

Wayne's yacht, the Wild Goose, was one of his favorite possessions. He kept it docked in Newport Harbor and it was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 2011.


Politics
Wayne was a prominent Republican in Hollywood, supporting anti-communist positions. Throughout most of his life, Wayne was a vocally prominent conservative Republican. Initially a self-described socialist during his college years, he voted for Democratic President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1936 presidential election and expressed admiration for Roosevelt's successor, fellow Democratic President Harry S. Truman. He took part in creating the Motion Picture Alliance for the Preservation of American Ideals in February 1944 and was elected president of that organization in 1949. An ardent anti-communist and vocal supporter of the House Un-American Activities Committee, in 1952 he made Big Jim McLain to show his support for the anti-communist cause. Recently declassified Soviet documents reveal that, despite being a fan of Wayne's movies, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin contemplated Wayne's assassination as a result of his frequently espoused anti-communist politics.



Wayne supported Vice President Richard Nixon in the presidential election of 1960, but expressed his vision of patriotism when John F. Kennedy won the election: "I didn't vote for him but he's my president, and I hope he does a good job." He used his iconic star power to support conservative causes, including rallying support for the Vietnam War by producing, co-directing, and starring in the critically panned The Green Berets in 1968.

Due to his enormous popularity and his status as the most famous Republican star in Hollywood, wealthy Texas Republican Party backers asked Wayne to run for national office in 1968, as had his friend and fellow actor Senator George Murphy. He declined, joking that he did not believe the public would seriously consider an actor in the White House. Instead, he supported his friend Ronald Reagan's runs for Governor of California in 1966 and 1970. He was asked to be the running mate for Democratic Alabama Governor George Wallace in 1968, but he rejected the offer and actively campaigned for Richard Nixon; Wayne addressed the Republican National Convention on its opening day in August 1968. For a while, he was also a member of the anti-communist John Birch Society.

Wayne openly differed with the Republican Party over the issue of the Panama Canal, as he supported the Panama Canal Treaty in the mid-1970s; conservatives had wanted the U.S. to retain full control of the canal, but Wayne believed that the Panamanians had the right to the canal and sided with President Jimmy Carter and the Democrats. Wayne was a close friend of the late Panamanian leader Omar Torrijos Herrera, and Wayne's first wife, Josephine, was a native of Panama. His support of the treaty brought him hate mail for the first time in his life.



In May 1971, Playboy magazine published an interview with Wayne which resulted in a firestorm of controversy. Wayne expressed his support for the Vietnam War, and made headlines for his resolute opinions about social issues and race relations in the United States:


I believe in white supremacy, until the blacks are educated to a point of responsibility. I don't believe giving authority and positions of leadership and judgment to irresponsible people ... I don't feel we did wrong in taking this great country away from [the Native Americans] ... Our so-called stealing of this country from them was just a matter of survival. There were great numbers of people who needed new land, and the Indians were selfishly trying to keep it for themselves.

In the same Playboy interview, Wayne also responded to questions about whether entitlement programs including Medicare and Social Security were good for the country:


I know all about that. In the late Twenties, when I was a sophomore at USC, I was a socialist myself—but not when I left. The average college kid idealistically wishes everybody could have ice cream and cake for every meal. But as he gets older and gives more thought to his and his fellow man's responsibilities, he finds that it can't work out that way—that some people just won't carry their load ... I believe in welfare—a welfare work program. I don't think a fella should be able to sit on his backside and receive welfare. I'd like to know why well-educated idiots keep apologizing for lazy and complaining people who think the world owes them a living. I'd like to know why they make excuses for cowards who spit in the faces of the police and then run behind the judicial sob sisters. I can't understand these people who carry placards to save the life of some criminal, yet have no thought for the innocent victim.

Death
Although he enrolled in a cancer vaccine study in an attempt to ward off the disease, Wayne died of stomach cancer on June 11, 1979, at the UCLA Medical Center, and was interred in the Pacific View Memorial Park cemetery in Corona del Mar, Newport Beach. According to his son Patrick and his grandson Matthew Muñoz, a priest in the California Diocese of Orange, he converted to Roman Catholicism shortly before his death. He requested that his tombstone read "Feo, Fuerte y Formal", a Spanish epitaph Wayne described as meaning "ugly, strong, and dignified". The grave, which went unmarked for 20 years, is now marked with a quotation from his controversial 1971 Playboy interview: "Tomorrow is the most important thing in life. Comes into us at midnight very clean. It's perfect when it arrives and it puts itself in our hands. It hopes we've learned something from yesterday."

Among the cast and crew who filmed the 1956 film The Conqueror on location near St. George, Utah, 91 developed some form of cancer at various times, including stars Wayne, Susan Hayward, and Agnes Moorehead, and director Dick Powell. The film was shot in southwestern Utah, east of and generally downwind from the site of recent U.S. Government nuclear weapons tests in southeastern Nevada. Many contend that radioactive fallout from these tests contaminated the film location and poisoned the film crew working there. Despite the suggestion that Wayne's 1964 lung cancer and his 1979 stomach cancer resulted from nuclear contamination, he believed his lung cancer to have been a result of his six-packs-a-day cigarette habit.

Best films

The Longest Day (1962)
(Actor)
How the West Was Won (1962)
(Actor)
True Grit (1969)
(Actor)
McLintock! (1963)
(Actor)
Hatari! (1962)
(Actor)
The Green Berets (1968)
(Actor)

Usually with

John Ford
John Ford
(27 films)
Yakima Canutt
Yakima Canutt
(38 films)
Chuck Roberson
Chuck Roberson
(28 films)
Paul Fix
Paul Fix
(30 films)
Source : Wikidata

Filmography of John Wayne (199 films)

Display filmography as list

Actor

I Am Not Your Negro, 1h33
Directed by Raoul Peck
Origin France
Genres Documentary
Actors Samuel L. Jackson, Harry Belafonte, Dick Cavett, Bob Dylan, Sidney Poitier, Doris Day
Roles Various Roles (archive footage)
Rating78% 3.9475353.9475353.9475353.9475353.947535
À travers les propos et les écrits de l’écrivain noir américain James Baldwin, Raoul Peck propose un film qui revisite les luttes sociales et politiques des Afro-Américains au cours de ces dernières décennies.
Cameraman: The Life and Work of Jack Cardiff, 1h26
Origin United-kingdom
Genres Documentary
Themes Documentary films about business, Documentary films about the visual arts, Documentary films about the film industry, Documentaire sur une personnalité
Actors Marlene Dietrich, Jack Cardiff, Martin Scorsese, Orson Welles, Leslie Caron, Kirk Douglas
Roles Self (archive footage)
Rating76% 3.832483.832483.832483.832483.83248
En 2001, Jack Cardiff (1914-2009) est devenu le premier directeur de la photographie de l'histoire des Oscars à recevoir un Oscar d'honneur. Mais la première fois qu'il a serré la célèbre statuette dans sa main, c'était un demi-siècle plus tôt, lorsque son travail de caméra en Technicolor avait été récompensé pour le Narcisse noir de Powell et Pressburger. Au-delà de The African Queen de John Huston et de War and Peace de King Vidor, les films du duo créatif britannico-hongrois (The Red Shoes et A Matter of Life and Death également) garantissent l'immortalité au célèbre caméraman dont la carrière s'étend sur soixante-dix ans.
Get Shorty
Get Shorty (1995)
, 1h45
Directed by Barry Sonnenfeld
Origin USA
Genres Thriller, Comedy, Mob film, Action, Crime
Themes Films about films, Mafia films, Gangster films
Actors John Travolta, Gene Hackman, Rene Russo, Danny DeVito, Dennis Farina, Dwayne Johnson
Rating68% 3.447563.447563.447563.447563.44756
Chili Palmer, a loan shark based in Miami, clashes with mobster, Ray "Bones" Barboni over a leather jacket borrowed from Palmer at a restaurant without permission by Mr. Barboni. They have two confrontations, the first of which leaves Barboni with a broken nose. Barboni then wants his boss Jimmy Capp to go after Palmer, but he refuses, as Palmer has done nothing wrong. Barboni took the jacket without permission, and Chili's car keys were in the jacket. Jimmy also tells Bones that Chili works for another mafioso named Momo and Capp has no power over him. But soon after Palmer's boss, Momo, dies of a heart attack, Chili finds himself working for Barboni, whose first order is for Palmer to collect a loan shark debt owed by dry cleaner Leo Devoe. Devoe was believed to have been killed in a commercial airliner crash, but in truth had actually gotten off the plane, and failed to re-board because he was getting drunk in the airport bar. After the plane crash, Devoe's wife identified his personal effects, and the airline quickly offers her an insurance check for $300,000. Faye carelessly gives Leo the insurance money, and he heads out of Miami. When Chili visits Leo's "widow" Faye, she reveals to Palmer that Leo is still alive, has left Miami, and is partying and winning money in Las Vegas, Nevada.
La Classe américaine, 1h10
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius, Dominique Mézerette
Origin France
Genres Comedy, Crime
Actors John Wayne, Christine Delaroche, Dustin Hoffman, Burt Lancaster, Robert Redford, Marc Cassot
Roles George Abitbol (archive footage)
Rating78% 3.937343.937343.937343.937343.93734
The film begins with the following lines appearing on screen, complete with deliberate spelling mistakes: "Attention! Ce flim n'est pas un flim sur le cyclimse. Merci de votre compréhension." ("Attention! This flim is not a flim about cyclign. Thank you for your understanding.")
La Classe américaine, 39minutes
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius, Dominique Mézerette
Genres Comedy, Crime
Actors John Wayne, Christine Delaroche, Dustin Hoffman, Robert Redford, Marc Cassot, Steve McQueen
Roles George Abitbol (archive footage)
Rating73% 3.6654453.6654453.6654453.6654453.665445
Diffusé pour les fêtes de fin d'année, ce second détournement (qui fait suite à Derrick contre Superman) est un Ça cartoon déjanté mêlant des séquences originales présenté par Valérie Payet et Philippe Dana à des extraits redoublés de dessins animés avec Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck... et de films avec Steve McQueen, Burt Lancaster, Jack Nicholson, Jean Gabin, etc. Il s'agit du second des trois téléfilms du Grand Détournement.
La Classe américaine
Directed by Michel Hazanavicius, Dominique Mézerette
Genres Comedy, Crime
Actors John Wayne, Christine Delaroche, Dustin Hoffman, Robert Redford, Marc Cassot, Paul Newman
Roles George Abitbol (archive footage)
Rating78% 3.9366153.9366153.9366153.9366153.936615
George Abitbol, l'homme le plus classe du monde, meurt tragiquement lors d'une croisière. Dans un dernier souffle, il murmure : « Monde de merde ». Pourquoi ? Ces mots intriguent le rédacteur en chef d'un quotidien américain. Il dépêche ses trois meilleurs enquêteurs : Dave, Peter et Steven (prononcer « Pétère et Stéveune ») pour éclaircir ce mystère...
Cinema Paradiso, 1h58
Directed by Giuseppe Tornatore
Origin Italie
Genres Drama, Romance
Themes L'adolescence, Films about films, Films about children, Medical-themed films, Seafaring films, Transport films, Films about disabilities, La cécité
Actors Philippe Noiret, Salvatore Cascio, Marco Leonardi, Jacques Perrin, Brigitte Fossey, Antonella Attili
Roles Ringo Kid (archive footage) (uncredited)
Rating84% 4.2495954.2495954.2495954.2495954.249595
In Rome, in the 1980s, famous Italian film director Salvatore Di Vita returns home late one evening, where his girlfriend sleepily tells him that his mother called to say someone named Alfredo has died. Salvatore obviously shies from committed relationships and has not been to his home village of Giancaldo, Sicily in 30 years. As his girlfriend asks him who Alfredo is, Salvatore flashes back to his childhood.
House II: The Second Story, 1h28
Directed by Ethan Wiley
Origin USA
Genres Science fiction, Comedy, Horror comedy, Fantasy, Horror
Themes Films about animals, La préhistoire, Animaux préhistoriques, Ghost films, Zombie films, Comedy horror films
Actors Arye Gross, Jonathan Stark, Royal Dano, Bill Maher, John Ratzenberger, Lar Park-Lincoln
Roles Cowboy (archive footage) (uncredited)
Rating54% 2.7005352.7005352.7005352.7005352.700535
Young urban professionals Jesse (Arye Gross) and his girlfriend Kate (Lar Park Lincoln) move into an old mansion that has been in Jesse's family for generations. They are soon joined by Jesse's goofy friend Charlie (Jonathan Stark), who brought along his diva girlfriend Lana (Amy Yasbeck), in the hopes of being discovered by Kate, who works for a record company. Jesse has returned to this old family mansion after his parents were murdered when he was a baby. While going through old things in the basement, Jesse finds a picture of his great-great grandfather (and namesake) in front of a Mayan temple holding a crystal skull with jewels in the eyes. In the background is a man Jesse learns is Slim Razor, a former partner of his great-great grandfather turned bitter enemy after a disagreement over who would get to keep the skull.
Star Wars
Star Wars (1977)
, 2h1
Directed by George Lucas
Origin USA
Genres Science fiction, Fantastic, Adventure
Themes Space adventure films, Monde imaginaire, Dans l'espace, Sur une planète fictive, Films about extraterrestrial life, Space opera, Children's films, Films about extraterrestrial life, Robot films
Actors Mark Hamill, Carrie Fisher, Harrison Ford, Peter Cushing, Alec Guinness, Peter Mayhew
Roles Garindan ezz Zavor (uncredited)
Rating82% 4.1148154.1148154.1148154.1148154.114815
The galaxy is in a civil war, and spies for the Rebel Alliance have stolen plans to the Galactic Empire's Death Star, a heavily armed and armored space station capable of destroying entire planets. Rebel leader Princess Leia is in possession of the plans, but her ship is captured by Imperial forces under the command of the evil Lord Darth Vader. Before she is captured Leia hides the plans in the memory of an astromech droid called R2-D2, along with a holographic recording. The droid, accompanied by fellow protocol droid C-3PO, escape from the captured ship to the desert planet Tatooine.
The Shootist, 1h40
Directed by Don Siegel
Origin USA
Genres Drama, Action, Adventure, Western
Actors John Wayne, Lauren Bacall, Ron Howard, Harry Morgan, James Stewart, Richard Boone
Roles J.B. Books
Rating75% 3.7962653.7962653.7962653.7962653.796265
An aging Books arrives in Carson City, Nevada on January 22, 1901. In a newspaper he reads that Great Britain's Queen Victoria has died. After a stranger calls him an "old man" and barks at him to get out of the way, Books laments that the Old West is dying too.
Chesty: A Tribute to a Legend
Directed by John Ford
Origin USA
Genres Documentary
Themes Documentary films about war, Documentary films about historical events
Actors John Ford, John Wayne
Roles Himself/Narrator
Rating64% 3.2344453.2344453.2344453.2344453.234445
Documentaire sur le Marine le plus décoré, le lieutenant général Lewis Burell "Chesty" Puller.
Rooster Cogburn, 1h48
Directed by Stuart Millar
Origin USA
Genres Drama, Action, Adventure, Western
Actors John Wayne, Katharine Hepburn, Richard Jordan, John McIntire, Anthony Zerbe, Paul Koslo
Roles Reuben J. "Rooster" Cogburn
Rating67% 3.3973053.3973053.3973053.3973053.397305
Because of his drunkenness and questionable use of firearms, aging U.S. Marshal Rooster Cogburn (John Wayne) has been stripped of his badge. But he's given a chance to redeem himself after a village in Indian Territory is overrun by a gang of violent, ruthless criminals, who've killed an elderly preacher, Rev. George Goodnight (Jon Lormer). His spinster daughter, Eula Goodnight (Katharine Hepburn), wants to join Cogburn to track the criminals down, becoming his unwilling partner. But Rooster must use care, because the criminals, led by Hawk (Richard Jordan) and Breed (Anthony Zerbe), have stolen a shipment of nitroglycerine.
Brannigan
Brannigan (1975)
, 1h51
Directed by Douglas Hickox
Origin United-kingdom
Genres Drama, Thriller, Action, Crime
Actors John Wayne, Richard Attenborough, Judy Geeson, Mel Ferrer, John Vernon, Ralph Meeker
Roles Lt. Jim Brannigan
Rating60% 3.048183.048183.048183.048183.04818
Tough Chicago Police Lieutenant Jim Brannigan (John Wayne) is sent to London to extradite a notorious American gangster, Ben Larkin (John Vernon). Brannigan is assigned a local officer, Jennifer (Judy Geeson), to help while he is in London. But before Brannigan can collect his man, Larkin is kidnapped.